Constipation means different things to different people because it is something we rarely discuss or compare notes on it. Constipation usually means having difficulty pooing (or doing a ‘number 2’) because the poo has become solid or hard, and does not want to come out, even when pushing with a lot of effort.
It’s a common problem and it affects people of all ages. It can usually be treated with simple changes to diet and lifestyle. Your pharmacist will also advise.
Older people sometimes worry if they do not do a poo every day like when they were younger, and so may assume it is because are constipated, which is not always the case. Three times a week is normal for many older people who typically eat less than they did when younger.
NHS Information for Patients
NHS information is provided under two headings:
Adults – https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/constipation/
Children & Babies – https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/baby/health/constipation-in-children/
Causes of Constipation
It can result from various factors, including a low-fibre diet, inadequate water intake, lack of physical activity, stress, and ignoring the urge to poo when it comes. Certain medications, such as opioids, antidepressants, and antacids containing calcium or aluminum, may also cause constipation or make it worse.
Medical conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diabetes, hypothyroidism, and neurological disorders can further increase the risk.
Treatment for constipation often involves lifestyle changes. Increasing dietary fibre which is in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes helps to add bulk to stool and promotes regularity. Drinking plenty of water and engaging in regular physical activity stimulate bowel movements. Establishing a consistent bathroom routine and not delaying the urge to defecate can also help.
There is a helpful video with lots of advice in the above link to further NHS advice for adults.
Pharmacy Treatments
Over-the-counter laxatives such as fibre supplements, stool softeners, or stimulant laxatives, may provide relief, but they should be used cautiously to avoid dependence.
If constipation continues for several weeks or if it is associated with severe pain, blood in the poo, or unexplained weight loss, then medical evaluation would be necessary to consider the possibility of other complicating conditions. Managing constipation early can prevent complications such as haemorrhoids and anal fissures.
See your GP if…
See your GP if you have constipation and you also…
- have lost a noticeable amount of weight without trying
- have tummy pain
- it has not improved with products from the pharmacy
- have blood in the poo
- you seem to be experiencing constipation more often
- your tummy feels bloated and uncomfortable
- you swing between constipation and diarrhoea
- feel quite shattered most of the time